Jared Bergeron

Define and give 3 examples of fonts that fit each classification listed below...

• Old Style: Old style type is generally considered "warm" or friendly, thanks to its origins in Renaissance humanism. The main characteristics of old style typefaces are low contrast with diagonal stress, and cove or "bracketed" serifs (serifs with a rounded join to the stem of the letter)
  
  example: Bembo, Caslon, Garamond, Jenson, Palatino
  
  
• Transitional: A refinement of Old Style forms, this style forms the transition between Renaissance Old Style and Modern typefaces. With the change from the woodcut to copperplate engravings in the 17th Century, the lines of the letters became more fine and rich in contrast. The thick-to -thin relationships were exaggerated, and the brackets were lightened.
  
  examples: Baskerville, Caslon, Perpetua
  
  
• Modern: Modern typefaces arose with the distribution of copper and steel engraving techniques in the 17th and 18th Century. The appearance is technical exact. Modern types are named Didone after Didot and Bodoni
  
  examples: Bodoni, Bauer Bodoni, Walbaum
  
  
• Slab Serif: At the beginning of the 19th Century typefaces for attracting attention were in demand for advertising, posters, flyers, business and private printed matters. Egyptian and Grotesque typefaces arose from Modern typefaces. The name Egyptian is derived from its use in a publication about booty from Napoleon’s Egyptian campaign.
  
  examples: Serifa, Rockwell, Memphis Clarendon, New Century Schoolbook
  
  
• Sans Serif:
  Geometric
  Sans-serif typefaces influenced by the Bauhaus movement and featuring circular or geometric letters, with little variation in stroke thickness. * Some sans-serif types are built around geometric forms. In Futura, designed by Paul Renner in 1927, the Os are perfect circles, and the peaks of the A and M are sharp triangles.
  
  examples: Futura, Foilio, Gotham, Avant Garde
  
  Humanist
  Sans-serif typefaces with oval shapes and variations in stroke thickness to create a more graceful, human appearance. *Sans-serif typefaces became common in the twentieth century. Gill Sans, designed by Eric Gill in 1928, has humanist characteristics. Note the small, lilting counter in the letter a , and the calligraphic variations in line weight.
  

  examples: Gill Sans, Meta, Frutiger
  
  Grotesque or Grotesk
  The first sans-serif designs developed in the 19th century, and considered grotesque by the English. *Helvetica, designed by Max Miedinger in 1957, is one of the world's most widely used typefaces. Its uniform, upright character makes it similar to transitional serif letters. These fonts are also referred to as "anonymous sans serif"

  examples: Akzidenz Grotesk, Franklin Gothic, Univers, Helvetica

• Script: Script typefaces often mimic handwriting techniques and like handwrting, script letterforms are infinately different and have been around since humans have put pen on paper. come in flowing and non-flowing forms
  
  examples: Monotype Script, Bickham Script, Shelley
  
  
• Grunge: a new breed of amalgamated, scratchy typefaces that came from the 80s and 90s. There is no clear definition, but these typefaces share a jarring aesthetic and philosophy that contrasts with the conventions of classic photography.
  
  examples: Dead History, Fallen Thyme, Laundromat 1967
  
  
  
  
• Monospaced: these typefaces derive typewriters, where all letters conform to a specific physical width,m resulting in letterforms that must expand or condense to amke the best use of the alloted space (example: wide "is" and tight "ms.").
  
  examples: Courier, OCR A, Orator
  
  
• Undeclared: "Is it a Serif? or is a Sans Serif?" contains two typefaces that have long baffled designers with their flared serifs attacged to san serif structures
  
  examples: Optima and Copperplate Black